Age-standardized 5-year net survival of all combined leukemias for children (0-14 years), adolescents (15-19 years), and young adults (20-24 years) diagnosed during 2010-2014, by continent and country Survival estimates for each country are ranked from highest to lowest within each continent. The high-income countries of each continent are indicated in dark tones and the low- and middle-income countries are presented in light tones (classified according to the World Bank’s income group). When data were available for more than one record in a given country, survival estimates are obtained by grouping data from that country, but excluding data from records for which the estimates are considered less reliable. 95% CIs around the net survival estimate are indicated by each country’s error bars. §Non-standardized national estimate by age. † Data with a coverage of 100% of the national population. * Data with a coverage of 100% of the national population only for childhood malignancies; Data for 15 to 24 year olds, if available, were provided from records with subnational coverage. ‡ The national estimate has been marked as less reliable because the only estimates available are from a record or records in this category. Credit: The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health (2022). DOI: 10.1016 / S2352-4642 (22) 00095-5
Children (0-14 years) diagnosed with leukemia have benefited from decades of research to improve outcomes, and their five-year survival has increased more than that of adolescents (15-19 years) and young adults ( 20-24 years), suggests. new research published in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health.
Cancer in young people (0-24 years) is rare, but the full extent of the burden is often unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Researchers at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and their collaborators in the CONCORD working group have estimated global survival trends for different types of leukemia in children, adolescents and young adults.
They analyzed the anonymous patient records provided by 258 cancer records from 61 countries that participated in the third cycle of the CONCORD program. Survival trends five years after diagnosis were compared using data from 164,563 children, adolescents, and young adults who were diagnosed with leukemia during the period 2000-2014.
For all types of leukemia combined, the five-year net survival during the period 2010-2014 in children ranged from 48% in India to 91% in Puerto Rico, while in adolescents, the survival ranged from 24% in Colombia to 85% in Denmark and young adults, from 20% in Ecuador to 86% in Ireland.
In Europe, the survival of all combined leukemias varied greatly. The five-year survival of children diagnosed during the period 2010-2014 was 85% or more in most countries, but was still less than 60% in some parts of Eastern Europe (Romania 58%). For adolescents, on the other hand, survival was over 80% in only a few northern European countries (Denmark 85%, Lithuania 81%). For young adults, survival also varied widely, from 86% in Ireland to 38% in Estonia. In the UK, the five-year survival of all combined leukemias during the period 2010-2014 was similar to that of other northern and western European countries: 88% in children, 76% in adolescents and 75 % in young adults.
Naomi Ssenyonga, lead author of the LSHTM study, said: “Research to improve the outcomes of children with cancer has led to higher survival, especially in high-income countries, where most children with leukemia have been enrolled in long-running series of clinical trials, trials for many years.
“These improvements show the success of the research, but there are still huge inequalities in survival for children living in low- and middle-income countries. In addition, improvements in survival among adolescents and young adults are still lagging behind. children’s survival gains, even in high-income countries. “
Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with leukemia often have unique clinical needs. In recent years, adolescents and young adults with leukemia in some parts of the world have been increasingly treated under pediatric protocols. This has led to greater survival. However, this approach has not been adopted worldwide, and the survival of adolescents and young adults with leukemia is usually lower than that of children.
Claudia Allemani, Professor of Global Public Health at LSHTM and lead author of the study, said: “The results of this study provide the world’s first and most up-to-date comparisons of population-based survival among children, adolescents and young people. Exploring survival trends is an important indicator of the overall quality of cancer management in a country’s health system, and lasting progress in survival requires investment in human and financial resources. “These investments are needed to manage and treat more young people with cancer more effectively. These investments will ultimately result in better overall results.”
The authors acknowledge some limitations, especially the scarcity of data in sub-Saharan Africa. However, this study provides the most up-to-date information on the global survival trends of young patients diagnosed with leukemia. The Cancer Survival Group will shortly request data for CONCORD-4, updating the overall surveillance of survival trends to include patients diagnosed during the period 2000-2019 (or later, when data are available).
New research identifies cancers with little improvement in survival in adolescents and young adults More information: Naomi Ssenyonga et al, Global trends in population-based survival for children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with leukemia, by subtype , during 2000–14 (CONCORD). -3): analysis of individual data from 258 cancer registries in 61 countries, The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health (2022). DOI: 10.1016 / S2352-4642 (22) 00095-5 Provided by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Citation: World’s first population-based survival image of the leukemia population in patients under 25 (2022, June 6) retrieved June 6, 2022
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